CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Kalimat Conditional atau pengandaian memiliki tiga bentuk/tipe :

FUTURE CONDITIONAL ( TYPE I )

Pengandaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi pada waktu mendatang ataupun sekarang jika syarat atau kondisi tertentu terpenuhi.

Rumus Conditional Type 1 :

Contoh :

If I have money, I will buy a new car.

Contoh :

If he has enough time, Randi usually walks to school.

Contoh :

If you go to the post office, please mail this letter for me.

Catatan :

Unless dapat menggantikan if … not jika menyatakan kekecualian terhadap apa yang dikatakan.

Contoh :

If you don’t take more care, you’ll have an accident.

→ Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident.

I want you to keep working if I tell you to stop.

→ I want you to keep wotking unless I tell you to stop.

If there is not a strike, the train will be running normally.

→ Unless there is a strike, the train will be running normally.

PRESENT CONDITIONAL ( TYPE II )

Pengandaian ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan apa yang ada / terjadi sekarang.

Rumus Conditional Type II

Contoh :

If I had time, I would go to the beach with you this week end.

( Saya sebenarnya tidak punya waktu sehingga saya tidak bisa pergi).

He would tell you about it if he were here.

(Dia akan mengatakan hal itu jika saja dia ada disini, sayangnya dia tidak ada disini).

CATATAN :

• Untuk If Clause Type II, kata kerja to be yang digunakan hanya were untuk semua subjek.
• Kata IF pada Conditional Type II dapat dihilangkan tanpa mengubah makna dengan menggunakan pola inversi.

Contoh :

If he were here, he would tell you about it.

• Were he here, he would tell you about it.

If I were John, I would not forgive you.

• Were I John, I would not forgive you.

Past Conditional ( Type III )

Pengandaian tipe ini menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan apa yang telah terjadi ( lampau ).

Contoh :

If we had known you were there, we would have written you a letter.

(Kalau saja kami tahu kamu berada disana, kami sudah mengirim surat padamu. Ini berarti bahwa kami tidak mengirim surat karena kami tidak tahu kamu berada disana).

Bentuk inverse untuk pola ini adalah :

Contoh di atas bila ditulis dalam pola inverse menjadi :

Had we known that you were there, we would have written you a letter.

Exercise

Rubahlah kata kerja dalam kurung ke dalam bentuk yang benar sesuai dengan konteks pola conditional yang diberikan.

1. If I were offered the job, I _______ (take) it.

2. If they had left the house earlier, they ________ (be; not) so late getting

    to the airport that they could not check their baggage.

3. If I finish the dress before Saturday, I _______ (give) it to my sister for

    her birthday.

4. If I had seen the movie, I ______ (tell) you about it last night.

5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problems, there ________

   (be) peace between them.

6. He would give you the money if he _________ (have) it.

7. She would call you immediately if she _________ (need) help.

8. Had they arrived at the sale early, they _________ (find) a better

    selection.

9. I you have enough time, please ________ (paint) the chair before

   you leave!

10. He would understand it if you __________ (explain) it to him

   more slowly.

Soal-soal Latihan Kompetensi

Conditional

1. If I ______ the flu I would have gone with you.

   A. hadn't 

   B. didn't have 

   C. have

   D. hadn't had 

   E. wouldn.t have had

2. 'Will you come to the meeting?'

    'If you come, I ________.'

    A. come      C. do             E. too

    B. will         D. am

3. If you took the clothes to the laundry now, they ______.

   A. had washed                   D. will wash

   B. has been washed            E. would be washed

   C. will be washed

4. If he prepared his lesson, he ______ his examinations.

   A. passed            D. would have passed

   B. would pass      E. would be passed

   C. had passed

5. He ________ if I had not reminded him.

    A. may forget        C. may forgot            E. might have forgotten

    B. must forget        D. should forget

6. We ____ the work if we had been given enough time.

    A. finished               D. could have finished

    B. would finish         E. could be finished

    C. could finish

7. He didn't pass his exams. If he had studied harder, he _______.

    A. can pass                D. can passed it

    B. could pass              E. will pass it

    C. could have passed

8. If someone had taken her book, she _____ the teacher.

   A. would have told to            D. had told it

   B. would have told                E. would told it to

   C. will have told it

9. 'I didn't know that Tutui was at home.'

    '_________.'

    A. If I did, I would come and see her

    B. If I had known, I would have come and seen her

    C. If I knew, I came and saw her

    D. If I have known, I have come and seen her

    E. If I know, I'll come and see her

10. It rained very hard this morning, but mother didn't have an umbrella

     with her.

     We may conclude that ______.

     A. If she had an umbrella, she didn't get wet

     B. If she had an umbrella, she could not get wet

     C. If she has an umbrella, she will not get wet

     D. If she has an umbrella, she would not be wet

     E. If she had had an umbrella, she would not have been wet

11. I could never have finished my work if my brother _____ me.

     A. didn' help                  E. wasn't helping

     B. hasn't helped

     C. hadn't helped

     D. doesn't help

12. When the little boy saw the dog, he ran away and was bitten.

     We can conclude that _________.

     A. If he hadn't ran away, he wouldn't have been bitten

     B. If he doesn't run away, he won't be bitten

     C. If he ran away, he wouldn't be bitten

     D. If he hasn't run away, he would be bitten

     E. unless he run away, he wouldn't be bitten

13. They climbed higher so that they got a better view.

     We can also say ________.

     A. If they had not climbed higher, they would not have got a better view

     B. If they didn't climb higher, they wouldn't get a better view

     C. If they didn't climb higher, they didn't get a better view

     D. If they don't climb higher, they won't get a better view

     E. If they won't climb higher, they don't get a better view

14. 'It is good that Ann reminded me about Prabu's birthday.'

     “_______________.”

    A. I would have forgotten if she hadn't reminded me

    B. I will forget it if she doesn't remind me

    C. I might forget it if she doesn't remind me

    D. I would forget it if she didn't remind me

    E. I could not forget it if she hadn't remind me

15. 'I am sorry our football team has lost.'

     '______________.'

     A. You wouldn't, if you trained harder

     B. You won't, if you train harder

     C. You wouldn't, if you would train harder

     D. You wouldn't have, if you had trained harder

     E. You don't, if you have trained harder

16. If the mechanic had done his work properly, you _____ no problems

     with your car yesterday.

     A. would have had        C. would have           E. will have

     B. havr had                  D. had haf

17. 'If they had known that the flood was coming, they wouldn't have been

      stayed in their house.' Means ______________.

     A. They knew that the flood was coming; therefore, they stayed in

          their house

     B. They decided to stay in their house although the flood was coming

     C. They couldn't stay in their house because they knew that the flood

          was coming

     D. They didn't know that the flood was coming; therefore, they stayed

          in their house

     E. They didn't want to stay in their house because they knew that

         the flood was coming

18. Rudi would have lost his way in London if he hadn't been able to speak

     English well.

     The above sentence means '___________.'

     A. Rudy got lost because his English was poor

     B. Although Rudi's English was good, he got lost

     C. As Rudi could not communicate in English, he got lost

     D. In spite of his good English, Rudi did not get lost

     E. Rudi didn't get lost because his English was good

20. “It's beginning to rain.”

     “_______, we won't be able to finish the ball game.”

     A. If it stops

     B. Should stop

     C. Unless it stops

     D. If it didn't stop

     E. Had it not stopped