Translate

Rabu, 11 Juli 2012

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE vs PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Bentuk : Have/Has + V3

Pola Kalimat :

(+) S + Have/has + V3 + ………
(-) S + Have/has + not + V3 + ……….+ yet
(?) Have/has + S + V3 + ……. ?
     Wh + have/has + S + V3+ ……. ?
     What/Who + has + V3

Kegunaan :

Kata kerja Present Perfect Tense digunakan :
1. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang terjadi akhir-akhir ini, atau untuk kegiatan yang baru saja selesai.
    Contoh :
    I’ve lost my key. Can you help me look for it?
    Did you hear about Jim? He’s gone to Singapore.
    “Would you like something to drink?” “No, thanks. I ‘ve just had lunch.”

2. Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang telah selesai lebih cepat dari yang diperkirakan.
   Contoh :
   “Don’t forget to mail the letter!” “ I’ve already mailed it.”
3. Digunakan setelah superlative This is the first time …..
    Contoh :
   What a boring movie! It’s the most boring movie I’ve ever seen.
   This is the first time I have driven a car.
4. Untuk mengatakan bahwa kita tidak (pernah) melakukan sesuatu selama periode tertentu hingga sekarang.
    Contoh :
    I have never smoked.
   Jill hasn”t written to me for a nearly a month.
5. Dengan yet untuk menunjukkan bahwa pembicara mengharapkan sesuatu terjadi:
   Contoh :
   Has it stopped raining yet ?
   I haven’t told them about the accident yet.
Keterangan Waktu yang biasa digunakan :
  • Already, recently, lately, so far, just
  • The most ……, this is the first time
  • For, since
  • This morning, this evening, today, this week, this semester

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Bentuk : Have/has + been + Ving

Pola Kalimat :
(+) S + Have/has + been + Ving + ……… + for / since ….
(-) S + Have/has + not + been + Ving + ........ + for / since ….
(?) Have/has + S + been + Ving + ……. ?
     Wh + Have/has + S + been + Ving + ……. ?
     How long + have/has + S + been + Ving ……..?



Kegunaan :
Kata kerja Present Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan :
1. Untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung hingga sekarang.
    Contoh :
    It is raining now. It began to rain two hours ago, and it is still raining.
    →It has been raining for two hours.
    →It has been raining since two hours ago.
    How long have you been studying English ?

2. Jika berbicara tentang suatu kegiatan yang dimulai di waktu lampau dan baru saja/akhir-akhir ini berhenti.
   Contoh :
   “You ‘re out of breath. Have you been running ?
   Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing ?

Keterangan Waktu yang biasa digunakan :
  • For, since
  • How long
Exercise 2

Tentukan kata kerja dalam kurung apakah dalam bentuk Present perfect atau Present Perfect Continuous berdasarkan konteks yang yang ada.

1. She ________ (work) here for ten years.
2. Look! Somebody ___________ (break) that window.
3. I _______ (read) the book you gave me but I _______ (not finish)
    it yet.
4. 'Sorry I'm late.' 'That's all right. I ______ (not wait) long.
5. Hello! I ________ (clean) the window. So far I ______ (clean)
    five of them and there are two more to do.
6. There's a strange smell in here. You _______ (cook) something?
7. My brother is an actor. He _____ (appear) in several films.
8. I ________ (lost) my key. Can you help me look for it?
9. You look tired. You ______ (work) hard?
10. The ceiling was white. Now it's blue. Prabu _______ (paint) the ceiling

Tidak ada komentar:

Posting Komentar